Definition: The word "anorthoscope" originally referred to a medical instrument used for examining veins, often in connection with surgery. Definition: In the context of medicine, the term "anorthoscope" refers to a specialized medical tool commonly used during procedures involving the examination and treatment of small arteries (in the case of venous diseases) or veins (for veins of the heart). The device is typically attached to a stethoscope or an ultrasound machine, allowing for fine, detailed assessment of these vessels while they're still open and functioning.