👉 A catastrophe is a severe or unexpected event that causes significant damage or loss of life, property, or infrastructure. It can be caused by natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, wildfires, and droughts, or man-made events like terrorism, cyber attacks, and pandemics. Catastrophes are often characterized by suddenness, unpredictability, and widespread destruction, making them a daunting challenge for governments, organizations, and individuals to prepare for and respond to.