👉 MySQL's built-in `MATH` extension provides a suite of mathematical functions that extend standard SQL capabilities, enabling operations like trigonometry, logarithms, exponentials, and more, all within the database itself. These functions are optimized for performance, allowing calculations to be executed directly on disk rather than in memory, which is critical for large datasets. Supported operations include `MATH.SIN()`, `MATH.COS()`, `MATH.TAN()` for trigonometry, `MATH.LOG()` and `MATH.E` for logarithms, `MATH.POW()` for exponentiation, and `MATH.ATAN()`, `MATH.ARCTAN()`, `MATH.ASIN()`, etc., for inverse trigonometric functions. Unlike some SQL dialects, MySQL’s `MATH` functions handle edge cases like division by zero gracefully and return NULL for undefined inputs, ensuring robustness. They are particularly useful for statistical analysis, engineering calculations, and real-time data processing where in-memory computation is impractical.
