👉 Basalt is a type of igneous rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth's surface. It is often found in areas where the temperature below the Earth's surface is very low, such as on the continental margins or near the ocean floor. Basalt is characterized by its distinctive coloration due to the presence of iron oxide (Fe2O3) in its composition. This coloration can be seen in a variety of colors including red, orange, yellow,