👉 In mathematics, a Pauli matrix is a square matrix in which each element (denoted as ai,j) is either 0 or 1. The Pauli matrices are fundamental to quantum mechanics and describe the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two fermions can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously. The Pauli matrices form a set of n-by-n matrices, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. They are often denoted by i,j,k,l,m
