👉 Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes redness, itching, and dryness of the skin. It is characterized by patches of skin that are often itchy or flaky. The cause can be caused by an allergic reaction to a substance such as dust mites, mold, pollen, or pet dander. The term "eczematous" refers to the characteristic redness and itching seen on the skin in eczema.