👉 Heterodoxy, in the context of philosophy, is an approach to thinking or acting that is opposed to mainstream philosophical positions and ideologies. It refers to a deviation from established norms or values, often criticized for being too rigid or lacking flexibility. In other words, it's the opposite of orthodoxy, which is the normative position or ideology held by most people, institutions, or groups. Heterodoxy can be seen as advocating for something that goes against what we are accustomed to, or perhaps