👉 Caledonia, a term used in science, is a complex geological formation consisting of sedimentary rock formations that are composed mostly of calcium carbonate and are found on continental shelves or islands. These rocks are typically formed from volcanic activity and are characterized by their smooth surface and the presence of layers of sediment and rock. The term "caledonia" refers to the shape or appearance of a coastline, particularly in the form of a broad, flat plate that extends outwards from the coast at high tide