👉 Buckling, also known as buckling or buckling stress, is a phenomenon in which an object, such as a beam or a structure, suddenly changes its shape under the action of applied forces. When this happens, it can lead to structural failure due to the sudden change in shape. The buckling mechanism occurs when the force acting on an object causes the material within the object to deform and become less dense than the surrounding material. This deformation is caused by a combination of internal stresses and