👉 Computing involves the manipulation of data using algorithms and instructions encoded in computer hardware or software, enabling the execution of tasks from simple calculations to complex problem-solving. At its core, computing relies on binary logic, where data and instructions are represented as sequences of 0s and 1s. Central Processing Units (CPUs) execute these instructions by performing arithmetic, logical, and control operations on binary data, facilitated by the computer's architecture, which includes components like the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), control unit, and memory. Memory stores data temporarily for quick access by the CPU, while input/output devices allow interaction with the computer. Modern computing also leverages parallel processing and specialized hardware, such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), to enhance performance for specific tasks like graphics rendering and machine learning. These mechanisms collectively enable computers to process vast amounts of information efficiently, driving advancements in technology and society.