👉 Greenhouse engineering involves the design, construction, and operation of structures that create optimal growing conditions for plants by manipulating environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 levels. These engineered environments use advanced technologies like climate control systems, artificial lighting (often LED), and automated irrigation to mimic natural conditions or extend growing seasons. Greenhouses also incorporate materials with high thermal mass and insulation to regulate temperature fluctuations, while ventilation and shading systems manage light intensity and heat buildup. This controlled approach enhances crop yields, reduces resource waste, and enables year-round production, making it a critical component of sustainable agriculture in the face of climate change.