Definition: Tuberculose is a medical condition in which the body's immune system attacks and destroys the lining of the lungs, causing inflammation and scarring. It can be caused by many factors, including infection or exposure to certain bacteria or viruses. Tubercle bacilli are responsible for this process and can spread through the bloodstream or from one person to another. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, such as penicillin, that help fight off the bacterial infections causing the inflammation.