👉 In mathematics, a unitary transformation is a linear operator on a vector space that preserves the inner product between vectors. This means that it scales each vector by a factor that does not depend on the scalar value of the vector.
For example, consider a matrix A in an inner product space V over a field F. If we apply a unitary transformation U to this matrix, then the resulting matrix U
will also be an inner product on V, but it's scaled by a constant factor that