👉 The term "thoracostracous" refers to a type of vertebrate that is characterized by having a single spine (torso) and one or more thoracic vertebrae (spines) forming a single, long bone. These vertebrae are connected at the level of the head to form the skeleton of the spine. Thoracostracous animals include dogs, cats, horses, and some birds, among others. In summary, "thoracostracous