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Geobacter bacteria are a group of electroactive microorganisms that play a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles, particularly in the cycling of iron and sulfur. They are known for their ability to transfer electrons from organic matter to insoluble iron and sulfur compounds, often using these metals as terminal electron acceptors in anaerobic conditions. This process, known as extracellular electron transfer, allows Geobacter bacteria to thrive in environments like deep-sea sediments, soil, and even industrial settings, where they contribute to the reduction of metal oxides and the formation of metal sulfides. These bacteria are also significant in bioremediation efforts, helping to detoxify contaminated environments by precipitating heavy metals. Their unique metabolic capabilities make them essential in understanding microbial ecology and biotechnology applications.
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