👉 In mathematics, the years span from 3000 BCE (Before Common Era) to the present year, 2023 CE (Common Era). This period encompasses significant historical, cultural, and scientific developments. It includes the rise and fall of ancient civilizations like Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Indus Valley, as well as pivotal moments in human history such as the invention of writing, the development of complex societies, and major philosophical and religious movements. The Middle Ages followed, marked by the fall of the Roman Empire and the rise of feudalism in Europe, while the Renaissance brought a rebirth of art, science, and humanism. The Age of Exploration expanded global horizons, leading to colonialism and the modern era. Today, we live in a world shaped by technological advancements, globalization, and ongoing social and political changes, all set against the backdrop of this vast historical continuum.