👉 Global warming is primarily driven by the enhanced greenhouse effect, where increased concentrations of greenhouse gases (like CO2 and methane) trap more heat in the Earth's atmosphere. This occurs because these gases absorb infrared radiation emitted by the Earth's surface and re-radiate it back, warming the lower atmosphere and surface. The math behind this involves the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which relates the energy radiated by a black body to its temperature, and the radiative forcing equation, which quantifies how changes in greenhouse gas concentrations affect the Earth's energy balance. Essentially, as more greenhouse gases accumulate, the Earth's average temperature rises because less heat escapes into space, leading to a positive radiative forcing and thus global warming.
