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Wallacea bacteria, also known as wallacei, are a unique group of bacteria that belong to the Proteobacteria family but exhibit distinct characteristics. They are primarily found in marine environments, particularly in coastal and intertidal zones, where they form symbiotic relationships with various marine organisms, including sponges, ascidians, and corals. Unlike most bacteria, Wallacea bacteria possess a complex cell wall structure that includes a unique polysaccharide layer, which is thought to provide protection and possibly aids in their symbiotic interactions. These bacteria are also notable for their ability to fix nitrogen, contributing to nutrient cycling in their ecosystems. Despite their ecological importance, Wallacea bacteria have not been extensively studied, leaving many aspects of their biology and evolutionary history intriguing and unexplored.
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