👉 Von Neumann architecture, named after John von Neumann, is a fundamental design model for computer systems that revolutionized computing in the mid-20th century. It consists of a central processing unit (CPU) that performs calculations and executes instructions, a memory unit to store both data and instructions, and input/output devices for interaction with the external environment. The key innovation of this architecture is its use of a single, unified memory space that can be accessed by both the CPU and I/O devices, allowing for flexible and efficient data handling. This design enables the same hardware to be used for various tasks, including executing different programs and accessing data from memory, making it highly versatile and scalable. Von Neumann architecture forms the basis for most modern computer systems, underpinning their ability to process complex computations and store vast amounts of information.
