👉 Ungrounded Theory (UTO) is an engineering approach that emphasizes the development of theories through systematic observation and experimentation without preconceived notions about the outcomes. It focuses on understanding complex systems by identifying patterns and relationships within data, rather than imposing external frameworks. Engineers using UTO employ iterative cycles of hypothesis generation, data collection, analysis, and theory refinement, often leveraging computational tools to model and simulate system behaviors. This method prioritizes empirical evidence and adaptability, making it particularly valuable for tackling novel or poorly understood engineering challenges where traditional theoretical models may fall short. Unlike grounded theories, which start with a conceptual framework, UTO begins with data-driven insights, allowing it to evolve dynamically as new information emerges.
