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Turnovers, often referred to as "fumes" in a colloquial sense, describe a phenomenon where a liquid or gas undergoes a significant change in composition or concentration as it passes through a system or device, particularly during processes like distillation, extraction, or chemical reactions. This occurs when different components of the mixture have varying rates of vaporization or solubility, causing them to separate. As the liquid or gas moves through the system, those that evaporate or dissolve more readily leave behind the less volatile or soluble components, leading to a change in the overall composition of the remaining liquid or gas. This process is crucial in many industrial and scientific applications, such as purifying water, extracting essential oils, and refining petroleum. The term "turnover" emphasizes the cyclical nature of this separation, where the mixture continuously changes as it passes through the system.
turns fumes