👉 Tree mathematics is a branch of discrete mathematics that focuses on the properties and applications of trees, which are graph structures with a hierarchical structure where each node (or vertex) has exactly one parent except for the leaves, which have no parents. Key concepts include tree traversals (pre-order, in-order, post-order), tree properties like height and depth, and tree operations such as insertion and deletion. Trees are fundamental in computer science for data representation (e.g., binary trees, AVL trees, B-trees), algorithms (e.g., depth-first search, breadth-first search), and network structures. They are also used in various applications like file systems, expression trees in compilers, and decision trees in machine learning. The mathematical analysis of trees involves understanding their structure, complexity, and efficiency in operations, often leveraging combinatorial and probabilistic methods.
