👉 Infection refers to the invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, within a host organism, leading to disease. When these pathogens enter the body, they can cause infection by disrupting normal cellular functions, triggering immune responses, and potentially damaging tissues and organs. The severity of an infection depends on factors like the type of pathogen, the host's immune system, and the site of infection. For example, bacterial infections like pneumonia or urinary tract infections can be localized or systemic, while viral infections such as the common cold or influenza often affect specific body systems. Treatment typically involves antibiotics for bacterial infections, antiviral medications for viruses, or antifungal agents for fungal infections, aiming to eliminate the pathogen and restore health. Understanding infection is crucial in public health, as it informs prevention strategies, treatment protocols, and the development of vaccines to protect against common pathogens.
