👉 Toner is a dry, powdered substance used in offset lithography printing processes to transfer ink from a plate to paper. The "toner math" refers to the precise calculations and formulas that determine the optimal properties of toner particles, such as their size, shape, and composition, to ensure high-quality prints. These formulas balance factors like flowability, adhesion to paper, and particle charge to achieve sharp text and vibrant colors. For instance, the particle size distribution is critical; smaller particles can fill in fine details but may clump, while larger particles offer better print resolution but less detail. The charge on toner particles is also carefully controlled to ensure they attract and adhere properly to the negatively charged paper, preventing smudging or transfer issues. Additionally, the binding agents in toner bind the particles together, forming a cohesive image that can be easily transferred to paper without smudging. These mathematical considerations are essential for producing high-resolution, durable prints in offset printing.
