👉 Ton math, or topological mathematics, is a branch of mathematics that focuses on the properties of shapes and spaces that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, bending, or twisting, but not tearing or gluing. Unlike traditional geometry, which relies heavily on precise measurements and angles, ton math uses topological concepts like connectedness, holes, and boundaries to understand the structure of spaces. This approach allows mathematicians to classify and analyze shapes based on their intrinsic properties, providing insights into their behavior and relationships without being constrained by rigid geometric rules. For example, a doughnut and a coffee mug are topologically equivalent because they both have one hole, even though they look quite different geometrically.
