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Tomato infection, often caused by various pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, refers to the process by which these microorganisms invade and damage tomato plants, leading to symptoms such as wilting, yellowing leaves, and fruit rot. Bacterial infections, like those caused by
Xanthomonas
species, can result in bacterial spot disease, characterized by dark lesions on leaves and fruit. Fungal infections, such as those from
Fusarium
or
Botrytis
, may cause root rot, leaf spots, and gray mold, respectively. Viral infections, though less common, can lead to mosaic patterns on leaves and reduced yield. These infections disrupt the plant's normal physiological processes, often leading to decreased growth and productivity, and can significantly impact crop health and economic value. Preventive measures, such as using resistant varieties and maintaining good sanitation, are crucial in managing tomato infections.