👉 Threshold engineering refers to the process of manipulating the energy barrier at the interface between two materials or phases to control the transport properties, such as conductivity, permeability, or reactivity. This is typically achieved by adjusting parameters like doping concentration, strain, or interface roughness to optimize the interaction between materials. For instance, in semiconductor devices, threshold engineering can fine-tune the electrical threshold voltage of transistors to enhance performance and efficiency. In catalysis, it can optimize the reaction pathway by controlling the energy barrier for reactants to transform into products. By precisely tuning these thresholds, engineers can significantly improve the functionality and efficiency of various devices and systems across multiple fields.
