👉 Engineering in its early stages, particularly during the Industrial Revolution (roughly 1760-1840), was characterized by a blend of scientific inquiry and practical application, often driven by the need to improve manufacturing processes and infrastructure. Initially, engineers relied heavily on empirical methods, using observation and experimentation to solve problems related to mechanics, materials, and thermodynamics. They developed foundational principles in areas like steam engine design, metallurgy, and civil engineering, often through trial and error. As knowledge grew, engineers began to apply mathematical models and theoretical frameworks more rigorously, leading to innovations like the development of the first practical steam engines by James Watt and the establishment of systematic approaches to design and construction. This period laid the groundwork for modern engineering, emphasizing the integration of science and technology to create efficient, safe, and scalable solutions.
