👉 Infection refers to the process by which a pathogen, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, invades and establishes itself within a host organism, leading to disease. This invasion can occur through various routes, including respiratory droplets, contaminated food or water, direct contact, or vectors like insects. Once inside, the pathogen begins to multiply and can cause damage to host tissues, triggering an immune response. The body's defense mechanisms, including white blood cells and antibodies, attempt to neutralize or eliminate the invader, but if the infection persists or the host's defenses are overwhelmed, it can result in illness. Understanding the specific territories or sites where pathogens typically infect is crucial for diagnosing and treating infections effectively, as different pathogens often target distinct parts of the body, such as the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal system, skin, or bloodstream.
