👉 Infections are caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that invade and multiply within a host, leading to disease. These pathogens can originate from various sources, including contaminated food and water, direct contact with infected individuals or animals, vectors like mosquitoes, and environmental factors. The body's immune system typically responds to infections by initiating an inflammatory response to fight off the invaders, but in some cases, the infection can overwhelm the immune system, leading to severe illness. Understanding the sources of infection—such as poor hygiene, inadequate sanitation, or exposure to contaminated environments—is crucial for prevention and control measures, including vaccination, proper handwashing, and safe food handling practices.
