👉 Mathematics, particularly number theory, is a fundamental branch of mathematics that deals with the properties and relationships of numbers, especially integers. It encompasses a wide array of concepts, from basic arithmetic operations to advanced theories like prime numbers, modular arithmetic, and algebraic structures. Key areas include divisibility, congruences, Diophantine equations, and cryptography, which leverage number theory to solve problems in fields such as computer science, coding theory, and secure communications. The study of prime numbers, for instance, is crucial in understanding the building blocks of all integers and underpins many cryptographic algorithms.
