👉 Infection is a complex biological process where a pathogen, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, enters a host and begins to multiply, often causing disease. This occurs when the pathogen breaches the body's natural barriers, like the skin or mucous membranes, and colonizes specific tissues or organs. The interaction between the pathogen and the host's immune system is crucial; if the immune response is effective, it can neutralize or eliminate the invader, preventing infection. However, if the pathogen evades or overwhelms the immune defenses, it can lead to infection. Factors such as the pathogen's virulence, the host's health status, environmental conditions, and genetic predispositions all influence the outcome. Infection can manifest in various forms, from localized (like a skin rash) to systemic (affecting multiple organs), and its severity can range from mild to life-threatening, depending on these factors. Understanding infection is vital for developing treatments and preventive measures, such as vaccines and antibiotics, to combat diseases and protect public health.
