👉 Infection refers to the process by which pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, invade and multiply within a host organism, causing disease. This occurs when these microorganisms breach the body's natural barriers, like the skin or mucous membranes, and establish themselves in tissues or organs. Once inside, they can disrupt normal cellular functions, trigger immune responses, and lead to symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe illness. The body's immune system typically fights off infections through innate and adaptive mechanisms, but if the pathogen is highly virulent or the host's defenses are compromised, infection can progress, resulting in conditions like pneumonia, sepsis, or chronic diseases. Preventing infection often involves hygiene practices, vaccinations, and timely medical intervention to manage and treat pathogens effectively.
