👉 Light particles, or photons, are fundamental entities of electromagnetic radiation that travel through space at the speed of light. These particles are massless and have no charge, yet they exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties, a duality central to quantum mechanics. When light interacts with matter, it can be absorbed, emitted, or reflected, depending on the energy levels of the particles involved. For instance, when a photon's energy matches an electron's energy gap in an atom, the electron can absorb the photon and transition to a higher energy state. Conversely, when an excited electron returns to a lower energy level, it emits a photon with energy equal to the difference between the two states. This process underlies phenomena such as the photoelectric effect and spectroscopy, illustrating how light particles play a crucial role in energy transfer and the interaction of matter with electromagnetic radiation.
