👉 Probability math deals with the likelihood of events occurring, quantifying uncertainty using numbers between 0 and 1. A probability of 0 means an event is impossible, while 1 indicates certainty. For example, flipping a fair coin has a 0.5 probability of landing heads-up (event A), and 0.5 for tails (event B). When events are independent, like rolling two dice, the probability of both showing a 6 is 0.5
0.5 = 0.25. For dependent events, like drawing cards without replacement, probabilities change after each draw (e.g., P(A and B) = P(A)
P(B|A)). Bayes' theorem helps update probabilities based on new evidence, useful in fields like medicine for diagnosing diseases.