👉 Infection refers to the process by which a pathogen, such as a virus or bacterium, enters and begins to multiply within a host organism, leading to disease. This can occur through various means, including direct contact, ingestion, inhalation, or vector-borne transmission. Once inside, the pathogen hijacks the host's cellular machinery to replicate, often causing damage or disrupting normal bodily functions. The immune system responds by mounting an attack, but if the infection is severe or the pathogen is highly virulent, it can overwhelm the defenses, leading to symptoms and potential complications. Understanding infection is crucial in public health, as it informs strategies for prevention, treatment, and control, such as vaccination, hygiene practices, and antimicrobial therapies.
