👉 Plate tectonics, the theory explaining the movement of Earth's lithospheric plates, is a fundamental concept in geology that uses mathematical models to describe and predict plate behavior. These models often involve differential equations to simulate the forces acting on plates, such as mantle convection, ridge push, and slab pull. By applying principles of mechanics, including stress, strain, and elasticity, scientists can calculate plate velocities, directions, and interactions at plate boundaries. Mathematical tools like vector calculus and numerical simulations help in understanding complex phenomena like subduction zones, continental rifting, and the formation of mountain ranges. These models are crucial for interpreting geological data, forecasting natural hazards, and comprehending the dynamic processes shaping Earth's surface over geological timescales.
