👉 Light particles, or photons, are fundamental components of electromagnetic radiation and play a crucial role in various physiological processes. Photons are massless particles that travel at the speed of light, carrying energy proportional to their frequency. In biological systems, light particles interact with molecules through absorption, reflection, or scattering. When photons enter living tissues, they can be absorbed by pigments like chlorophyll in plants, melanin in skin, or other chromophores, which can lead to biochemical reactions or thermal effects. This absorption is essential for processes such as photosynthesis, where plants convert light energy into chemical energy, and for vision, where photoreceptor cells in the retina detect light to transmit visual information to the brain. Additionally, light particles can influence circadian rhythms by regulating the production of melatonin through specialized cells in the retina, impacting sleep-wake cycles and overall physiological homeostasis.
