👉 PDF math, or Probability with Discrete Random Variables, is a branch of probability theory that focuses on analyzing random variables represented by discrete distributions, such as the binomial, Poisson, and hypergeometric distributions. It involves calculating probabilities, expectations, and variances for these variables, often using combinatorial methods to count the number of possible outcomes. Key concepts include the probability mass function (PMF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF), which describe how probabilities are distributed across different values of the random variable. PDF math is crucial in fields like statistics, data science, and machine learning, where understanding the behavior of discrete random variables helps in modeling real-world phenomena, making predictions, and optimizing processes.