👉 Particles of light, often referred to as photons, are fundamental entities that exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. These tiny packets of energy travel through space at the speed of light, making them incredibly fast and nearly massless. Unlike matter particles, photons do not have a rest mass; they carry no charge in their neutral form, which allows them to pass through most materials without interaction, explaining why light can penetrate opaque substances. Despite their lack of mass, photons possess momentum and energy, which are quantized and described by Planck's relation (E = hν), where E is the energy, h is Planck's constant, and ν is the frequency of the light. This dual nature—particle-like in interactions and wave-like in behavior—underlies many phenomena in physics, from the photoelectric effect to the behavior of lasers and quantum optics.
