👉 Infection is a condition where pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, invade and multiply within a host's body, causing disease. These microorganisms can enter through various routes, including the respiratory tract, skin, mucous membranes, or via ingestion. Once inside, they disrupt normal cellular functions, leading to inflammation, tissue damage, and potentially systemic effects. The immune system responds by mounting an attack, but if the pathogens are numerous or the host's defenses are weakened, the infection can persist or spread. Neighboring infections occur when these pathogens spread to adjacent tissues or organs, often facilitated by shared pathways of entry or a compromised immune response. For example, a respiratory infection like the common cold can spread to the throat or sinuses, while skin infections might spread to underlying muscles or bones. Understanding and managing infection involves both preventing its initial entry and effectively treating the pathogen to minimize damage and prevent complications.
