👉 Melasma is a skin condition that occurs on the face and neck. It is caused by an overproduction of melanin, a pigment in the skin, which gives the skin a yellowish-brown color. Melasma can also be caused by certain medical conditions such as vitiligo (a genetic disorder) or acne. Melasma is usually not painful to look at but it may cause scarring and discomfort if left untreated. It affects around 1-5% of women worldwide, with