👉 Madness math, also known as chaos theory, is a branch of mathematics that studies how small changes in initial conditions can lead to vastly different outcomes in complex systems. This concept is often illustrated by the "butterfly effect," where a small disturbance, like a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil, can set off a chain reaction leading to a tornado in Texas. In mathematical terms, this sensitivity to initial conditions means that even tiny inaccuracies in measurements or starting points can result in enormous differences in predictions over time, making long-term forecasting in chaotic systems inherently unpredictable. This theory applies to a wide range of fields, from weather patterns and fluid dynamics to population dynamics and economics, highlighting the intricate and interconnected nature of complex systems.