👉 Lying math, also known as non-standard analysis, is a branch of mathematics that uses infinitesimals—quantities smaller than any positive real number but not zero—to rigorously define and work with concepts like limits and derivatives. This approach, pioneered by mathematicians like Abraham Robinson in the 1960s, allows for a more intuitive understanding of calculus by treating infinitesimals as actual numbers rather than just theoretical constructs. However, it introduces "lying math" because the rules and intuitions of standard arithmetic are bent to accommodate these infinitesimals, often leading to counterintuitive results. For example, the sum of infinitely many infinitesimal quantities can behave differently than expected, and operations like division can yield paradoxical outcomes. While this method provides powerful tools for mathematical analysis, it requires careful handling to avoid logical inconsistencies, making it a delicate and sometimes misleading extension of standard mathematical principles.
