👉 Light, often perceived as a form of electromagnetic radiation, is fundamentally composed of particles known as photons. These particles are incredibly small, with wavelengths that range from approximately 380 nanometers (violet) to 700 nanometers (red), depending on their energy. Photons are massless and exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties, a duality that is central to quantum mechanics. Each photon carries a specific amount of energy, directly proportional to the frequency of the light it represents, as described by the equation E = hν, where E is energy, h is Planck's constant, and ν is the frequency. This particle nature of light explains phenomena such as the photoelectric effect, where light can eject electrons from a material only if its photons have sufficient energy. Despite their minuscule size, photons play a crucial role in various physical processes, from the interaction of light with matter to the functioning of technologies like lasers and solar cells. Understanding light particles is essential for grasping the fundamental principles of optics, quantum physics, and the behavior of electromagnetic waves in different media.
