👉 Light particles, also known as photons, are fundamental components of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light. These particles are massless and exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties, a concept central to quantum mechanics. Photons are the quanta of light energy, meaning they carry discrete packets of energy proportional to their frequency, as described by Planck's equation \( E = h\nu \), where \( E \) is energy, \( h \) is Planck's constant, and \( \nu \) is the frequency of the light. Despite their lack of mass, photons possess momentum, which can be described by the equation \( p = \frac{h}{\lambda} \), where \( p \) is momentum, \( h \) is Planck's constant, and \( \lambda \) is the wavelength of the light. This dual nature of light—exhibiting both particle-like behavior in interactions with matter and wave-like behavior in phenomena such as interference and diffraction—underlies many optical processes, from the photoelectric effect to the operation of lasers and fiber optics.
