👉 Lay engineering, also known as low-level or hardware engineering, is the process of designing and building the physical components and systems that form the backbone of a larger technology or product. It involves detailed work at the transistor, circuit board, microcontroller, and other hardware levels to ensure components function correctly and efficiently. Engineers in this field must understand intricate details like signal integrity, power management, and thermal considerations to create reliable and high-performance devices. They often use simulation tools, design software, and fabrication techniques to prototype and test hardware before moving to more abstract levels of system design. This meticulous approach is crucial for ensuring that the final product meets performance, reliability, and cost requirements.
