👉 Mathematics is governed by a set of fundamental laws and principles that describe the relationships between quantities and operations, providing a framework for logical reasoning and problem-solving. These laws include the commutative, associative, and distributive properties of arithmetic operations, which dictate how numbers interact; the laws of equality and equivalence that define what it means for mathematical expressions to be true or false; and the axioms of set theory, which form the foundation for modern mathematics by defining the basic properties of sets and their elements. Additionally, mathematical logic and calculus introduce rigorous frameworks for reasoning about variables, functions, and limits, enabling the precise formulation and solution of complex problems across various disciplines. These laws collectively ensure consistency and coherence in mathematical discourse, facilitating advancements in science, engineering, and other fields.