👉 Infections are caused by the invasion and multiplication of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites within a host organism, leading to disease. Investigations into infections typically involve several key steps: clinical evaluation to identify symptoms and potential sources of infection, laboratory testing to detect and characterize the causative agent, and epidemiological studies to trace transmission patterns and identify risk factors. Pathologists analyze tissue samples for signs of infection, microbiologists culture and identify pathogens, and public health officials track outbreaks to implement control measures. Understanding the mechanisms of infection, such as how pathogens evade the immune system or spread, is crucial for developing effective treatments and preventive strategies.
