👉 Integrating light particles, often referred to as photons, involves summing up their interactions with matter over a given path or volume. Photons are massless particles of light that travel in straight lines until they encounter an object, at which point they can be absorbed, reflected, or transmitted. The integration process quantifies the total energy transferred to or from the material by these photons, taking into account the intensity and wavelength of the light, as well as the properties of the material itself. This mathematical operation is fundamental in fields like optics, photonics, and quantum mechanics, where understanding how light interacts with matter at a microscopic level is crucial for applications ranging from solar energy conversion to medical imaging.